Vol. 2, Issue 1, Part A (2025)

Background: Triphala Churna, a classical Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation composed of Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula, and Terminalia bellirica, is widely recognized for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and rejuvenative properties. However, limitations in its powdered form such as poor flow, inconsistent dosing, and suboptimal bioavailability have prompted the development of modified formulations.
Objectives: This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the pharmacodynamic profiles of classical and modified formulations of Triphala Churna and to determine whether pharmaceutical modification enhances its biological efficacy without altering its traditional therapeutic essence.
Materials and Methods: Both formulations were prepared and standardized following the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. The modified formulation was developed through controlled wet granulation to improve flow and dissolution characteristics. Comparative analyses included physicochemical and phytochemical evaluations, in vitro assays (DPPH, FRAP, and protein denaturation inhibition), and in vivo studies in Wistar rats assessing antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase), lipid peroxidation (MDA), lipid profile, liver enzymes, and anti-angiogenic potential using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc tests with a significance level of p < 0.05.
Results: The modified formulation exhibited superior physicochemical stability and significantly higher phenolic and chebulinic acid content. In vitro and in vivo results revealed enhanced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, improved enzymatic antioxidant defenses, lower MDA levels, better lipid and hepatic profiles, and greater anti-angiogenic potential compared with the classical churna. Biopharmaceutic improvements included enhanced phenolic release and superior flow properties.
Conclusion: The modified Triphala Churna demonstrated a clear pharmacodynamic advantage, validating the hypothesis that rational pharmaceutical modification can strengthen classical Ayurvedic formulations. Integration of modern formulation science with traditional wisdom offers a pathway for developing standardized, clinically effective, and globally acceptable Ayurvedic products.